缩写表 Abbreviations and Symbols Used in This Dictionary Abbreviations and Symbols Used in This Dictionary abbrev. abbreviation, abbreviated abl. ablative acc. accusative adj. adjective adv. adverb Aeron. Aeronautics Afr African Afrik Afrikaans Agric. Agriculture Alb Albanian alt. alternative Am American AmFr American French AmInd Amerindian AmSp American Spanish Anat. Anatomy Anglo-Fr Anglo-French Anglo-Ind Anglo-Indian Anglo-Ir Anglo-Irish Anglo-L Anglo-Latin Anglo-Norm Anglo-Norman ANT. Antonym(s) Anthrop. Anthropology Ar Arabic Aram Aramaic Archaeol. Archaeology Archit. Architecture Arith. Arithmetic Arm Armenian art. article (grammar) assoc. associated, association Assyr Assyrian Astrol. Astrology Astron. Astronomy at. no. atomic number aug. augmentative Austral Australian b. born Bab Babylonian back-form. back-formation Beng Bengali Biochem. Biochemistry Biol. Biology Bot. Botany BrazPort Brazilian Portuguese Bret Breton Brit British Bulg Bulgarian C Celsius c. century, centuries c. circa cap. capital city caus. causative cc cubic centimeter(s) Cdn Canadian CdnFr Canadian French Celt Celtic cent. century, centuries cf. compare Ch. Church Chem. Chemistry Chin Chinese Chron. Chronicles (Bible) Class. Classical cm centimeter(s) Col. Colossians comb. combination, combining comp. compound compar. comparative Comput. Computer Science conj. conjunction Cor. Corinthians cu cubic Dan Danish Dan. Daniel (Bible) dat. dative deriv. derived, derivative Deut. Deuteronomy dial. dialect, dialectal dim. diminutive Du Dutch dupl. duplicated, duplication E eastern; English (in etym. and pronun.) EC east central Eccles. Ecclesiastical Ecol. Ecology Econ. Economics Educ. Education EFris East Frisian e.g. for example Egypt Egyptian Elec. Electricity Eng. English Eph. Ephesians equiv. equivalent Esk Eskimo esp. especially est. estimated etc. and the like Etr Etruscan etym. etymology Ex. example; Exodus Ezek. Ezekiel F Fahrenheit fem. feminine fig. figurative, figuratively Finn Finnish Fl Flemish fl fluid fl. flourished; lived (of people) fol. following entry Fr French Frank Frankish freq. frequentative Fris Frisian ft foot, feet fut. future g gram(s) Gael Gaelic Gal. Galatians gal gallon(s) Gaul Gaulish Gen. Genesis gen. genitive Geog. Geography Geol. Geology Geom. Geometry Ger German ger. gerund, gerundive GeV billion electron volts Gmc Germanic Goth Gothic gov. governor Gr Classical Greek Gram. Grammar Gr(Ec) Ecclesiastical Greek Gym. Gymnastics Hab. Habakkuk Hag. Haggai Haw Hawaiian Heb Classical Hebrew (language) Heb. Hebrews (Bible) Heb-Aram Hebrew-Aramaic Hort. Horticulture Hos. Hosea Hung Hungarian Hz hertz Ice Icelandic IE Indo-European i.e. that is imper. imperative imperf. imperfect in inch(es) incl. including Ind Indian; Indic (in etym.) indic. indicative inf. infinitive infl. influenced, influence intens. intensive interj. interjection Ir Irish Iran Iranian irreg. irregular Isa. Isaiah It Italian Jer. Jeremiah Josh. Joshua Jpn Japanese Judg. Judges (Bible) K Kelvin kg kilogram(s) KJV King James Version km kilometer(s) km2 square kilometer(s) Kor Korean kPa kilopascal(s) l liter(s) L Classical Latin Lam. Lamentations lb pound(s) lb/in2 pound(s) per square inch L(Ec) Ecclesiastical Latin Lev. Leviticus LGr Late Greek LGr(Ec) Ecclesiastical Late Greek Linguis. Linguistics lit. literally Lith Lithuanian LL Late Latin LL(Ec) Ecclesiastical Late Latin LME Late Middle English LowG Low German lt. gov. lieutenant governor LWS Late West Saxon LXX Septuagint m meter(s) Macc. Maccabees Mal. Malachi masc. masculine Math. Mathematics Matt. Matthew (Bible) MDu Middle Dutch ME Middle English Mech. Mechanics Med. Medicine met. metropolitan Meteorol. Meteorology MeV million electron volts Mex Mexican MexSp Mexican Spanish MFl Middle Flemish MFr Middle French MGr Medieval Greek MHeb Medieval Hebrew MHG Middle High German mi mile(s) Mic. Micah Microbiol. Microbiology Mil. Military MIr Middle Irish mistransl. mistranslation ml milliliter(s) ML Medieval Latin ML(Ec) Ecclesiastical Medieval Latin MLowG Middle Low German mm millimeter(s) ModE Modern English ModGr Modern Greek ModHeb Modern Hebrew ModL Modern Latin Mpa megapascal(s) mph mile(s) per hour MScot Middle Scottish Mt. Mount mya million years ago Myth. Mythology N northern n. noun Nah. Nahum NAmFr North American French Naut. nautical usage NC north central NE northeastern Neh. Nehemiah Netherl Netherlandic neut. neuter NGmc North Germanic NM/h nautical mile(s) per hour nom. nominative Norm Norman NormFr Norman French Norw Norwegian N.T. New Testament Num. Numbers (Bible) NW northwestern N.Z. New Zealand Ob. Obadiah obj. object, objective obs. obsolete occas. occasionally OCelt Old Celtic ODan Old Danish ODu Old Dutch OE Old English OFr Old French OFris Old Frisian OHG Old High German OIce Old Icelandic OInd Old Indic OIr Old Irish OIt Old Italian OL Old Latin OLowFranc Old Low Franconian OLowG Old Low German ON Old Norse OPers Old Persian OProv Old Provençal OPrus Old Prussian orig. origin, original(ly) OS Old Saxon Osco-Umb Osco-Umbrian OSlav Old Church Slavonic OSp Old Spanish OSw Old Swedish O.T. Old Testament OWelsh Old Welsh oz ounce(s) Pa pascal(s) PaGer Pennsylvania German part. participle, participial pass. passive voice perf. perfect tense pers. person; personal (grammar) Pers Persian Pet. Peter (Bible) PGmc Proto-Germanic Phil. Philippians Philem. Philemon Philos. Philosophy Phoen Phoenician Phonet. Phonetics Photog. Photography phr. phrase Physiol. Physiology PidE Pidgin English pl. plural pl.n. plural noun Poet. Poetic Pol Polish pop. population Port Portuguese poss. possessive pp. past participle prec. preceding entry prep. preposition pres. present tense Pres. President pret. preterit priv. privative prob. probably pron. pronoun pronun. pronunciation Prov Provençal Prov. Proverbs (Bible) prp. present participle Prus Prussian Ps. Psalms pseud. pseudonym Psychol. Psychology pt pint(s) pt. past tense qt quart(s) R.C.Ch. Roman Catholic Church redupl. reduplicated, reduplication ref. reference; refer refl. reflexive Rev. Revelation Rom. Romans (Bible); Roman RSV Revised Standard Version Russ Russian S southern Sam. Samuel (Bible) SAmSp South American Spanish Sans Sanskrit SC south central Scand Scandinavian Scot Scottish, Scots SE southeastern Sem Semitic Serb Serbian sing. singular sing.n. singular noun SinoJpn Sino-Japanese Slav Slavic, Slavonic S. of Sol. Song of Solomon Sp Spanish sp. spelling, spelled specif. specifically sq square subj. subject; subjective subjunc. subjunctive superl. superlative SW southwestern Swed Swedish SYN. Synonymy TalmudHeb Talmudic Hebrew Theol. Theology Thess. Thessalonians Tim. Timothy (Bible) Tit. Titus (Bible) transl. translated, translation Turk Turkish TV television ult. ultimately UN United Nations uncert. uncertain U.S. United States U.S.S.R. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics v. verb var. variant; variety v.aux. auxiliary verb Vet.Med. Veterinary Medicine vi. intransitive verb VL Vulgar Latin voc. vocative vt. transitive verb Vulg. Vulgate W western WAfr West African WC west central WFris West Frisian WGmc West Germanic WInd West Indian WS West Saxon WWI World War I WWII World War II yd yard(s) Zech. Zechariah Zeph. Zephaniah Zool. Zoology Symbols ⭐ Americanism * an unverified form + plus ° degree related to (in etymologies) ? uncertain or unknown; perhaps & and ➥ Usage Note

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